In this article, the author presents the main results of a study on the role and place of the United Nations in the system of global regulation of international relations, viewed through the official positions of the USSR and the Russian Federation as well as the perspectives of the domestic scientific school of globalistics. The text outlines the key stages of the UN’s formation, considered in inseparable connection with political and legal acts that formalized the establishment of the balance of power. According to the author’s approach, the balance of power precedes the organization of an effective system of global regulation of international relations aimed at the creation and maintenance of world order. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the UN’s Pact for the Future and the BRICS Kazan Declaration, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn regarding possible directions for reforming the world organization. The key prerequisites for UN reform are, first, the emergence of new poles in a multipolar world capable of bearing responsibility for maintaining the evolving world order, and second, the global trend toward the regionalization of political processes, which contributes to the establishment of a multipolar world order. Based on the results presented, the article concludes that the most probable scenario for UN reform is associated, first, with the expansion of permanent membership of the UN Security Council to include regional leaders from Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and second, with the development of UN approaches to regional commissions – up to their possible replacement by international organizations of regional and subregional significance, which may be integrated into the UN structure with a special status similar to that of a regional commission of the world organization.
UN; global regulation of international relations; balance of power; Pact for the Future; multipolar world order; regionalization of political processes; decentralization of global regulation.