Canada: Peculiar Path to Globalization

Komkova E.G.

Abstract

Canada stands out as one of the most globally integrated countries in the world. It started its way as a colony of France and, later, of Great Britain. Historically, its ties with «mother countries» already constituted a sort of selective globalization. The three main areas of Canadian participation in the global interdependence system, which are analyzed in the article, are foreign trade, investment and immigration. In Canada, positive attitude towards globalization enjoys broad public support. This consensus did not emerge immediately but through painful «trial and error» process. Throughout the country’s history, Canada has repeatedly tried to take measures to reduce its dependence on the world and American markets, and abandoned them only after it became convinced of their futility. Canada is one of the few industrialized countries where anti-globalization movement has not become wide-spread. This can be explained by several factors. Canadian economy has been performing rather successfully over the past 10 to 15 years. Its middle class is numerous and prosperous, whereas the gap between the rich and the poor is not so blatant in comparison with some other countries. The feeling that Canada is somehow different was reinforced by the Trudeau’s Liberal government, currently in office since 2015. The brand of globalization Trudeau is standing up for is «globalization with a human face». However there is a serious problem in the country. This is about immigration, and not about mass immigration, to which the country generally remains sympathetic, but about the inflow of illegal immigrants into Canada through the border with the United States, that reached excessive levels in 2017–2018.

Keywords

Canada; Canadian exceptionalism; economic globalization; J. Trudeau; ‘globalization with a human face’; anti-globalization movement; immigration to Canada.

DOI: 10.31249/rsm/2020.02.10

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