Stages of development of mobilization military economy in the USSR are studied from the moment of the end of World War I and Civil war prior to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The features of creating war industry connected with the excessive bureaucratization of its management and the lack of one-man management are revealed. The article contains main decisions and planned actions for preparing economy for war, as well as plans of evacuation and mobilization. Tables provide comparative data on arms production in the USSR of this period.
USSR, military industry, structure of arms production, army requirements, management of military economy, plans of evacuation, Council for evacuation, State Council of defense.